CSRP Institute’s Symposium will draw on the techniques and experiences of Banathy Conversations method implementing the conversation process via extending pre-residential and post-residential activities with Internet communications technologies.
The Banathy Conversation, as implemented by CSRP Institute, derives from the original intents of early convenings. The Conversation will center on Gathering, Exploring and Reflecting, in-person, over six days. Activities preceding and following the residential event are conducted on Google Workspace.
This deep dive conversational experience is scheduled in Lugano, Switzerland, beginning on Sunday, September 29, 2024, and ending on Friday, October 4.
For those who prefer a printed version, books can be ordered through Springer , or booksellers including Amazon.
Book Contents
1 An Introduction to Industry 5.0: History, Foundations, and Futures
Gary S. Metcalf
2 The Complexity of Sustainable Innovation, Transitional Impacts of Industry 4.0 to 5.0 for Our Societies: Circular Society Exploring the Systemic Nexus of Socioeconomic Transitions
Manuel Morales, Susu Nousala, Morteza Ghobakhloo
3 Coping with Industry 5.0: An Assessment of Evolving Soft Skills for the Workplace
Ryan Armstrong, Carlos Javier Torres Vergara
4 AI Upskilling and Digital Twins: A Service Science Perspective on the Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 Shift
Jim Spohrer
5 Industry 5.0 and Artificial Semi-General Intelligence. Exploring Future Challenges and Opportunities Within Industries and Societies
Andrius Grybauskas
6 Artificial Intelligence Capabilities and Hyperselfish Intelligence, the Possible Impacts, and Why Humans Need Industry 5.0
Rohan Fernando
7 Incremental Adaptation or Generational Shift?
David Ing
Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0
Explorations in the Transition from a Techno-economic to a Socio-technical Future
Susu Nousala, Gary Metcalf, David Ing 10.1007/978-981-99-9730-5
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore.
Why This Book?
The two main arguments for this book are its interdisciplinary perspective and its long-range if tentative view.
The chapters in this book offer multiple perspectives on the potential benefits, opportunities, challenges, and risks associated with the transition to Industry 5.0. They present, both individually and as a collection, an interdisciplinary view, interweaving ethics, a historical perspective, social factors, environment and ecology, and current threats, including climate change and the impacts of AI, identifying problems and suggesting solutions or at least possible paths forward. Beyond just the (much-needed) human-centric view, there is a focus on the interaction of Industry 5.0 with the world, and possible feedforward and feedback loops. There is a recognition that, while prioritizing human rights and dignity, both the health of the underlying economy and industrial base (and of the well-meaning and well-run enterprises implementing changes), on the one hand, and the health of the planet and the environment have to be respected. Further, it is understood that these factors are interwoven, and that major changes in any one need to be preceded by consideration of the effects on the other two, and subsequent interactions.
Moreover, for all three concerns—human, economic, and environmental, the book takes a long-term view, emphasizing sustainability and resilience. In systems engineering terms, design and implementation have to be preceded by and then accompanied by ongoing requirements and risk analysis, and careful and timely assessment to identify problems and support proper evolution. There is also an acknowledgment of the need to deal with different time scales. Some problems may become critical within a few years’ span; others may not get to that point for generations—but may be intractable if not addressed or anticipated immediately.
The long-term view, however, does not mean that the book aims to predict the future of the world, or of Industry 5.0, or of its major components and challenges, or that the authors and editors are foolish enough to think they can do so. Almost certainly, for example, no one can predict with any accuracy what AI will look like even by the end of next year, or what it will be doing, or what new challenges it will bring. Also, while the challenges of climate change are largely understood, predicting the rate of change or the sequence of problematic events is
difficult difficult at best. These difficulties are also evident through a gamut of stresses and relief, including political challenges to the world order, epidemics on the one hand and medical developments such as recent vaccines for malaria and cholera on the other, and totally unexpected developments such as cryptocurrency has been. For that reason, the remedies suggested in the book should be viewed not as long-term prescriptions, but as recommendations to be revisited and revised over time.
Rather, the book intends to present a snapshot of the issues, challenges, and possible paths forward as of late 2023, identifying the challenges and opportunities visible at this date, and steps that may work toward addressing the one and realizing the other. It would be wonderful if surprising if its projections were to prove precise and accurate, but a clear understanding of the present, and its (approximate) current position and velocity in the economic and social problem space, may be useful for those taking the next snapshot and seeking course correction.
Why This Team?
The project that resulted (if hopefully not culminated) in this book began with discussions among the Kaunas University of Technology (KTU) research team, who generously and foresightedly welcomed interaction and contributions from other parts of the world, giving the result an international and fully interdisciplinary flavor and breadth of perspective.
Moreover, the team includes practitioners as well as academics, and has chosen to offer a less theoretical snapshot, closer to the present, although the concepts of Industry 5.0, combined with systems science and a cybernetic view, guide the evolution of the text. It also recognizes that good science (and good economics) takes data, that data takes time to collect or generate—especially when examining long-term trends and concerns. Still, in the meantime, it is useful to provide as clear a picture of the situation as can be created, in part to improve the utility of that data once collected.
Not surprisingly for a deliberately interdisciplinary and multi-perspective volume, the editors and chapter authors have widely diverse backgrounds. Most are highly interdisciplinary themselves, having published on a wide variety of topics. Their collective expertise includes technology and computer science, engineering, ethics, philosophy of science, sustainability studies, interdisciplinary studies, education and pedagogy, social science, linguistics, the arts, and more.
The editors and authors also have a long history of interaction and collaboration, with regular formal and informal meetings, joint workshops and presentations, co-authorship, serving on thesis committees for or otherwise assisting each other’s students, and more. Many are members of the Creative Systemics Research Platform Institute (CSRP), as am I. CSRP has served as a virtual meeting space and intellectual clearing house for these discussions and others. From personal experience, while these collaborations have served to make each aware of the others’ work, and have in many cases broadened and deepened individual perspectives and background, each of the team retains a highly individual perception and articulation of intellectual issues, and a highly individual style of discourse and communication, as can be seen in the chapters of this book.
Overview
At the core of this book is the output of the IN4ACT research project funded by a Horizon 2020 grant from the European Union. The project was centered at Kauno Technologijos Universitetas (KTU), the Kaunas University of Technology School of Economics and Business, in Lithuania. On a four-year timeline from 2020, research was chartered to study the impacts of Industry 4.0, as the industrial sector in Europe was being redefined by the adoption of new digital technologies, new materials, and new processes. As Industry 5.0 became better defined, the researchers shifted to the broader scope of ecological sustainability, human centricity, and resilience to shocks after experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearing finalization of the study in 2023, the unanticipated rapid rise of Generative Artificial Intelligence raised new questions beyond the original charter of 2020.
In late spring 2023, the IN4ACT researchers convened an in-person symposium, inviting international scholars to broaden perspectives on unfolding events. An ambitious timetable to deliver manuscripts within the calendar year was set. A frame of immediacy compacted the views of (a) what we have learned, (b) what we know today, and (c) what we see on the imminent future. As the collective work began to take shape, the contributors expanded to cover three continents. Online instant messaging and email brought together converging and diverging perspectives.
Industrial and societal trends are being pushed toward concerns about sustainability, and human well-being. As the digitalization of Industry 4.0 has matured, the transitions toward sustainability, human-centricity, and resilience of Industry 5.0 continue to evolve. The meaning of human-centric was drawn into sharper focus with concerns on the potential benefits and misuses of Generative AI. The final positioning of this book grapples with the dilemma of the scholarly reporting on findings from four years of research, and well-informed insights into expectations for 2024.
About the Chapters and Their Crossovers
This series of chapters reflects a milestone for a multidisciplinary team of researchers with IN4ACT as the nexus. The knowledge accumulated spans years of interaction, both within the core team and across their extended networks. Those core relationships established a foundation for inviting like-minded contributors into a cohesive team of writers. Each chapter stands on its own, with autonomous author(s) coming from a variety of disciplines, cultures, and experiences. A common thread through the chapters is concern for human-centricity, as an industrial and societal transition unfolds. In the subtle distinctions made by each researcher, the astute reader may intuit entering a dialogue, as ongoing, and unfinished.
Chapter 1, written by a leading systems researcher, provides an historic and theoretical context on the development of technologies, from the first Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth century to the present day. The trail from invention of steam engines to Artificial Intelligence (AI) is not linear, but AI did not develop by accident, nor without precedent. Many of the cultural drivers of industry (efficiency and productivity) and of media (corporate-funded advertising and influence) continue to shape technologies and their applications. Whether the same drivers will continue to shape the technologies of the future is an open question.
Chapter 2 is coauthored by three of the lead researchers on the IN4ACT team. Drawing from findings and publications over four years of study, they offer views of iterations and layers of the transition from Industry 4.0 to 5.0. At varying scales, the benefits and impacts considered should include economic, environmental, technological, and social aspects. Applying a typology of discourses on Circular Economy, risks are surfaced on the possibilities of maintaining stability through socioeconomic and environmental transitions with human-centricity in the complex adaptive system. Two case studies of industry transitions in Europe are reviewed, as test beds of innovation.
Chapter 3 reflects the perspective of two researchers focused on organization development and performance management. The emphasis on human-centricity in Industry 5.0, at minimum, requires the development of hard skills, in applying the new technologies. Beyond this recognition of hard skills, the types of soft skills that would support successful transitions to Industry 5.0 are not yet well-understood. Both workers mature in their careers, and newly trained entrants into an industry face psychological challenges, business and managerial challenges, and structural challenges. Gaining a fuller appreciation of soft skills leads to questions on defining the term complexity in human organizations, transferability across contexts, and the evaluation of behaviors. Experiences teaching emotion regulation to lab scientists and economists provide insights into potential soft skills transition challenges with Industry 5.0.
Chapter 4 is contributed by a leader in the service science movement, a former research executive for IBM. While Industry 4.0 and 5.0 agendas have largely emphasized the production side of industry with manufacturers in Europe, the breadth of stakeholders is more widely surfaced. Service system entities, at multiple scales, are challenged to look beyond optimizing locally, toward investing in the global ecology of actors. Aims for AI upskilling to improve the productivity of business and nations raise concerns about the responsibility and awareness of actors in ethical use of the technology. Digital twins, as models that partially synchronize interactive capabilities, are better understood for machines than for people, organizations, and other service system actors. Service science is presented as an emerging transdiscipline in which the ecology of entities can be better appreciated,
Chapter 5 was authored by a sustainable economy researcher on the IN4ACT team, who completed his doctorate during the project. In the technological developments across Industry 4.0 to 5.0, the way in which job posting has changed reflects shifts toward human centricity for employees and businesses. The evolution in abilities of machines is characterized as (a) Artificial Narrow Intelligence, (b) Artificial Semi-General Intelligence (ASGI), and (c) Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Beyond routine job automation, Industry 5.0 could see ASGI encroaching on fields with creative work. As a bold experiment, the Generative AI ChatGPT technology was applied to create the initial draft of the chapter. Scholarly citation of sources is not with the current capabilities of ChatGPT, so refinement by the author was still required.
Chapter 6 has been contributed by a digital technology executive exploring the combination of Human Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence. The aggregate is considered as a Hyper-Selfish Intelligence, where the drives of biological evolution could lead to Artificial General Intelligence producing a Super Intelligence. An argument is made for strong global regulation of AI to preclude human civilization from the most extreme risks. Industry 5.0 is seen as an opportunity to put social and technological development on a positive path.
Chapter 7 was written by a systems researcher with a prior career in consulting and market development at IBM. The labeling of 4.0 and 5.0 is reflected in a variety of generational shifts, including Schumpeterian innovation, the Japan Science and Technology Basic Plan, the EU Industrial Research and Innovation Commission, and the World Economic Forum. Version numbering is explicated to differentiate between incremental adaptations and generational shifts. The Age of Discovery circa 1492 Christopher
Columbus is portrayed in a transition from Era 0 to Era 1, with two synthetic perspectives of Socio-Technical Systems (STS) and Socio-Ecological Systems (SES). The current era is depicted as changes in SES as service economy alongside changes in STS as a knowledge society. The next era is described with changes in SES as a polycrisis ahead of changes in STS that would constitute a generational shift.
Reflections and Conclusions
While most book projects overlap stages and phases on timelines of years, this particular project faced the constraint of a 2023 funding deadline, compressing development into months. With that shortened horizon came the opportunity to bring the immediacy of the intriguing and influential public responses to the rapid rise of Generative AI in late 2022. These pressures of news headlines every day drove an accelerated timeline for slipstreaming considerations for AI into the book.
In effect, this writing team reflexively experienced the transition from Industry 4.0 to 5.0, in a microcosm. The mandate to create a book as a static artifact capturing the knowledge and experiences of the team ran counter to the give-and-take style of ongoing dialogue, via synchronous online meetings punctuated by drafts and revisions of collective learning. The team agreed to cast this project as a snapshot in time, as a milestone in 2023, comparable to a photograph in a hurricane. Recording the state of knowledge at a point in time was important, with a mindfulness that our dialogue has not ended. Hopefully, this book will serve as a foundation for many more discussions to come, about the state of societies in the midst of disruptive changes, and the possibilities for the decisions that we can make toward the better.
Author of the book overview
Thomas J. Marlowe is Professor Emeritus of Mathematics and Computer Science at Seton Hall, where he taught in both fields for over 40 years. He holds a Ph.D. from Rutgers University in each discipline. His research has covered areas including but not limited to coalgebras, programming languages and compiler optimizations, programming language aspects of real-time and embedded systems, software engineering and databases, computer science pedagogy including ethical considerations, and interdisciplinary studies.
Carnevale Pedemontese, Verscio 1900 - Foto n.i., Archivio Museo
Il Museo Centovalli e Pedemonte di Intragna, Canton Ticino (CH), custodisce una fotografia scattata nel 1900 in occasione del Carnevale del villaggio di Verscio. Questo è probabilmente uno dei documenti storici fotografici più antichi della storia dei carnevali ticinesi, una tradizione consolidata che vede più di 130 feste di carnevale organizzate nel cantone[1].
L’atmosfera che si percepisce in questa fotografia è molto differente da quella festosa mostrata dalle fotografie, anche antiche, di un tipico carnevale. Come vedremo illustrando gli elementi di questa fotografia, la sua atmosfera ci riporta alla componente sacrale legata alla divinità del carnevale-baccanale, ovvero gli dei dell’antichità romana e greca, Bacco e Dioniso.
Cratere attico a campana a figure rosse. Dioniso e baccanti. Pittore di Sisifo, 420-410 a.CDettaglio del figurante e il boccalino ticinese
Nella foto si nota subito che c’è un solo carro, e di dimensioni notevolissime. Un’enorme botte da vino orlata dall’edera, la pianta del dio Bacco e del Dio Dioniso, di cui spiegheremo il significato. Il figurante sulla botte è nella stessa posa di Dioniso nei vasi attici decorati, con il braccio alzato a sollevare il boccalino ticinese del vino, esso stesso così simile ai vasi da vino della grecità.
Bacco 1925, Biasca, Atte-Museo della Memoria
Un’altra foto altrettanto antica, del 1925, dal Carnevale di Biasca [2], dove il carro di Bacco era identificato da una semplice scritta “Bacco”, esibisce uno stridente contrasto con la monumentalità del carro di Verscio. Qui infatti il carro è semplicemente ornato con l’edera, la pianta sacra del Dio, e occupato da persone vestite con tuniche bianche in guisa di antichi romani, in linea con la tradizione di mascherarsi per il carnevale.
Nella foto di Verscio invece nessuno è vestito in maschera. Ma non solo. L’abbigliamento dei personaggi è l’opposto del disimpegno o del frivolo: si tratta di abiti eleganti e formali, in funzione del ceto sociale dei partecipanti. Si può individuare anche la presenza di cariche sociali più elevate della media, forse del paese, forse di altre provenienze. Tutti indossano formali cilindri o bombette, e anche i bambini sono vestiti con giacca, cravatta e coppole. Le forze dell’ordine in alta uniforme aprono la processione, e su di un lato si può osservare un gruppo di militari in divisa e con moschetti. Significativo che i personaggi siano tutti uomini e solo sul fondo, appoggiata al muro di una casa, si intravede una donna con un bambino in braccio, che è venuta con molta discrezione a sbirciare, appena fuori dall’uscio di casa.
Dettaglio foto carnevale pedemontese: abiti formaliDettaglio foto carnevale pedemontese: donna con bambino sul fondo, militari
Non una processione per chiunque, quindi, e con una serietà d’intenti che trapela da tutti i volti, serissimi e senza un sorriso. Non certamente l’aria di un allegro carnevale, e allo stesso tempo, una manifestazione di altissimo rispetto per il Dio che troneggia in processione. Un atteggiamento sacrale che evoca ciò che vogliamo ricordare e discutere in questo breve articolo: gli aspetti religiosi e psicologici connessi al Dio Bacco-Dioniso, aspetti facilmente trascurati nel tipico caos allegro del Carnevale moderno. Qualcosa che da questa foto di Verscio invece emana in modo potente.
Ma prima di approfondire questi aspetti del Dio Bacco-Dioniso, ci si potrebbe chiedere l’origine dell’anomalia che traspare da questa foto a Verscio, in contrasto con l’atmosfera allegra e disimpegnata tipica dei carnevali ticinesi.
L’autore, pur lasciando agli storici ticinesi il compito di studiare il contesto di quella foto, vuole sottolineare che il 1900 segna l’uscita da uno dei periodi più critici per la viticoltura svizzera. Nel 1875, attraverso Ginevra, arrivarono dall’estero le infestazioni di filossera americana e oidio che decimarono i vigneti di tutta la Svizzera [3]. La reazione delle autorità federali non si fece attendere, con l’istituzione di Scuole Agricole e stazioni federali di ricerca agronomica che portarono agli innesti di varietà resistenti con le varietà locali, all’istituzione di cooperative e in ultima analisi a una migliore organizzazione e possibilità del comparto.
È quindi suggestiva l’idea che quella seriosa processione del Dio Bacco-Dioniso in trionfo nella fotografia di Verscio del 1900 fosse in realtà una processione di stampo religioso di ringraziamento al Dio che ha salvato la viticultura ticinese e svizzera. In ogni caso, l’atmosfera di quella foto ci ricorda quanto fosse importante la figura del Dio nel contesto carnevalesco.
L’associazione del rito religioso al Dio, del resto, è quello che ha caratterizzato il culto di Dioniso nell’Antica Grecia e del suo equivalente Bacco nell’Antica Roma. Veri e propri culti misterici che avevano due manifestazioni, una privata ed esoterica e riservata a pochi, e una pubblica ed essoterica riservata a tutti. [4]
Dioniso, come altre divinità dell’antichità, era il Dio dell’Estasi.[5] La stessa etimologia del termine estasi inizia a spiegarci l’atteggiamento psichico correlato all’energia del Dio: Ek-stasis = Essere al di fuori di sè stessi. Ovvero, la presenza del Dio durante il suo culto induce uno stato che porta l’individuo al di fuori della propria individualità, per partecipare a uno stato transpersonale collettivo. Tale stato è detto Enthousiasmós = Essere ispirati dall’ En-Theòs = Il Dio Interiore.
Con questi elementi iniziamo a capire il perché al Dio è stato associato l’inebriante effetto alcolico del vino, che favorisce lo stato di entusiasmo collettivo e l’allontanamento dalla propria identità di tutti i giorni. I travestimenti, che inducono la trasformazione dell’identità del partecipante al rito, non fanno che accentuare e facilitare questo annullamento provvisorio della propria storia personale a favore del festeggiamento collettivo. Festeggiamento che quindi si tramuta in una sperimentazione del proprio Dio interno, Dioniso, che ora vive nella realtà attraverso il partecipante al rito.
Ma quale tipo di energia è l’energia dell’Estasi, l’energia del Dio Bacco-Dioniso? Qui viene in aiuto la simbologia segreta dietro gli attributi del Dio: l’edera. Essa rappresenta, attraverso un’immagine del tutto umile e naturale una potente forza della natura. L’edera continua a infestare ed emettere radici anche se prendiamo i suoi steli e li tagliamo a pezzettini. A ogni taglio nascerà una nuova pianta, e per questo, come è noto a chiunque possegga un giardino infestato dall’edera, è quasi impossibile liberarsene. Ma non solo: è sempre l’edera ad attaccare grossi alberi morenti al punto di tirarli giù verso il terreno e poter permettere la loro assimilazione da parte degli agenti di putrefazione nel terreno creando nuova fertilità e nuova vita.
L’edera è cioè il simbolo stesso di quello che i greci chiamavano ZOÉ, cioè l’archetipo della vita indistruttibile, quella vita che non è soggetta a morte perché si ricicla continuamente. E per i greci Dioniso era il portatore dell’archetipo ZOÉ, energia vitale pura, precedente anche alla vita biologica, che in ogni essere o in ogni pianta si estingue invece alla sua morte.
Ma anche la provenienza di questa energia vitale di base viene rappresentata dalla grecità in modo simbolico e appropriato: è l’energia della Grande Madre Natura, rappresentata dal terribile felino carnivoro giaguaro/leopardo.
Slide esplicativa di Massimo Izzo su raffigurazione presso Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli, Inv. Nr. 6726, Corteo Bacchico con satiro e menade. Da Pompei, I° sec d.C.
Quando la rappresentazione è più esplicita, si vede il Dio Dioniso che domina il leopardo cavalcandolo o portandolo al guinzaglio. Il leopardo rappresenta fin dal Neolitico orientale del X° millennio a.C. l’enorme e pericolosa forza degli agenti naturali. Infatti va ricordato che così come l’energia della Grande Madre Natura permette la sopravvivenza del genere umano con i suoi regali, altrettanto non ha coscienza né preferenza di specie, risultando spesso mortale e pericolosa per gli umani. La figura del giaguaro, con la sua tecnica di agguato invisibile dall’alto dei rami degli alberi, ne rappresenta la sua pericolosa invisibilità, oltre alla sua selvatica potenza.
Dioniso, divinità della psiche umana, nell’atto di cavalcare il giaguaro, simboleggia il Dio che trae da questo enorme serbatoio di energia vitale, per darlo all’umano. Scendendo nei simboli e nei significati esoterici della grecità, si può capire quindi che l’estasi del rito festoso al Dio Dioniso è il momento in cui l’individuo, attivando il suo Dio interiore, si riempie di energia vitale, ZOÉ.
L’immagine qui riportata di Dioniso con il leopardo ci mostra il Dio accompagnato da un suonatore di flauto nudo e da una suonatrice di tamburello e danzatrice con la testa rivolta all’indietro, nella tipica posa di un essere in estasi. Siamo di fronte ad altri due elementi importanti dell’estasi dionisiaca: la musica, che le cronache latine ci riferiscono ipnoticamente ripetitiva, e la danza. Come l’ebbrezza del vino, anche la musica e la danza sono veicoli per gli stati di estasi; ora, lontani dal loro significato banalizzato di attività mondana, possiamo interpretarli come vie da accesso al sacro e alla rigenerazione delle energie dell’individuo.
La necessità di vivere periodicamente momenti in cui ci si possa abbandonare a stati di coscienza che ci portino fuori dal nostro usuale sé, non ha mai cessato di esistere, neanche quando le leggi, come il Senatus Consultum de Baccanalibus del 186 a.C, abbiano dichiarato illegale l’organizzazione del Baccanale. La paura di perdere il controllo di masse di persone in uno stato di coscienza non ordinario ha sempre fatto paura ai difensori dell’ordine. Il Dio Dioniso infatti, come tutte le divinità del Pantheon greco, ha i suoi lati oscuri, nell’eccesso, per esempio.
La festa dionisiaca era di conseguenza organizzata in posti segreti e molto isolati, consapevoli dell’eccezionalità del rito, della rottura delle convenzioni sociali usuali e della sua potenziale problematicità se non gestita. Non molto è cambiato oggi da quei tempi, quando a essere oggetto dell’attenzione delle forze dell’ordine sono spesso feste dionisiache altrettanto organizzate in segreto e basate su musica e danze ripetitive e inebrianti: i cosiddetti raves.[6]
Il moderno carnevale conserva quindi intatti alcuni elementi dell’antica festa dedicata al dio Dioniso, come la musica, la danza, l’uso di alcolici, il travestimento come metafora dell’uscire da sé, il sovvertimento dei ruoli sociali. Con la differenza che questi elementi vengono il più possibile resi innocui e depotenziati nella loro portata di momento di rottura. Ricordarsi che alla base del carnevale o feste simili c’è un’innata esigenza della psiche umana verso gli stati di estasi, e un elemento sacrale e religioso in quello che sembra superficialmente solo un momento di baldoria, ci aiuterà a capire una famosa frase di Gustave Flaubert: “Non c’è niente di serio in questo basso mondo che il ridere”.
[2] Il carnevale di Biasca realtà e tradizione 1984, (https://lanostrastoria.ch/entries/0OYn1RRmAbK)
[3] Laurent Flutsch/MI; Heidi Lüdi: “Viticoltura”, in: Dizionario storico della Svizzera (DSS), versione del 11.11.2014(traduzione dal tedesco). Online: https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/it/articles/013937/2014-11-11/, consultato il 08.02.2024.
[4] Károly Kerényi, Dioniso. Archetipo della vita indistruttibile, 1976
[5] Alain Danielou, Gods of Love and Ecstasy: The Traditions of Shiva and Dionysus, 1980
[6] Graham St. John (Ed.), Rave Culture and Religion, 2009
Breve Bio dell’autore Massimo Izzo
Nato a Napoli, 1961. Ingegnere, Egittologo ed Archeologo Orientalista, laureato nelle Università di Napoli e Pisa, ha fatto parte della Missione archeologica dell’Università di Pisa in Egitto a Dra abu El-Naga, tomba tebana TT14, presso Luxor, sotto la direzione della Prof.ssa Marilina Betrò. Dal 2005 si occupa di divulgazione storico-archeologica con articoli, corsi monografici e conferenze. Come ricercatore indipendente scrive e si interessa di interpretazione storica e antropologica tramite la psicologia del profondo junghiana e post-junghiana. Le civiltà e periodi storici di interesse prevalente sono l’Antico Egitto e Mesopotamia, il Neolitico Orientale e la storia Biblica.
David Ing and Gary S. Metcalf, “Reframing Systems Thinking for Systems Changes: Sciencing and Philosophizing from Pragmatism towards Processes as Rhythms.” Journal of the International Society for the Systems Sciences 67: 4154. https://journals.isss.org/index.php/jisss/article/view/4154.
Abstract
Systems thinking rose in 20th century industrial society largely from post-WWII research. Psychologists Eric L. Trist and Fred E. Emery were early in human relations, later turning towards sociology. Philosophers C. West Churchman and Russell L. Ackoff were cofounders of Operations Research, applying pragmatism to problem-solving of complex issues. The texture of Socio-Technical Systems (STS) and Socio-Ecological Systems (SES) perspectives interweaves with management science and inquiring systems.
In the 21st century, the Service Economy and Ecological Anthropocene followed advancement of the Internet and globalization through the 1990s. Resurfacing Trist-Emery and Churchman-Ackoff for a new generation not only revisits their sciencing, but also philosophizing.
Trist-Emery Socio-Psychological Systems (SPS) and STS perspectives extended the structuralist psychology of Gestalt, through Andras Angyal and Kurt Lewin. The SES perspective built on the pragmatist metaphilosophy of Stephen C. Pepper. Sciencing by Churchman-Ackoff encouraged Operations Research beyond mathematics towards collaborative decision-making. Postwar applied philosophizing built on the experimentalism of Edgar A. Singer Jr. This lineage traces from the Metaphysical Club circa 1890, through the 1980s.
Philosophizing in the 21st century provides new lenses for the systems sciences. Through ecological anthropology, Tim Ingold depicts the lives of lines, and texture in weaving. Through Classical Chinese Medicine, Keekok Lee distinguishes yin qi and yang qi. In post-colonial constructionist program of Rethinking Systems Thinking, principal concepts of (i) rhythm, (ii) texture, and (ii) propensity have become the core of Systems Changes Learning practices, theory, and methods. A new world hypothesis of (con)textural-dyadicism is proposed, combining STS and SES features. The associated systems theory foregrounds time-space changes over the defining of space-time systems and boundaries. Philosophizing across Western and Classical Chinese traditions requires deeper inquiry and education.
Keywords: Systems change, philosophy of science, pragmatism, Chinese philosophy, socio-technical, socio-ecological
Presented on Oct. 14 in Pre-Release online Panel Innovation: Entanglements of Interest during Relating Systems Thinking and Design (RSD12) Symposium | October 6-20, 2023
THE HERE AND NOW – The Process of Building the Discussion Around the Perceivable Misalignments Between Technology and Society in the Industry 5.0 Era
Jelena Sucic, Susu Nousala, David Ing, Gary Metcalf
Abstract
This presentation focuses on a “moment in time,” at the end of a four-year research process to study Industry 5.0. The research had been funded through an EU Horizon 2020 grant, to the IN4ACT team at Kaunas University of Technology, and the results were to be incorporated into a book describing what was learned. During an intensive five-day workshop with the IN4ACT team, a number of challenges became clear. First, even the definition of Industry 5.0 had evolved during the time of the research. Definitions ranged from mitigating the negative effects of technology on people to implications for global sustainability. Second, the technologies had evolved rapidly during the time of the investigation, most particularly aspects of artificial intelligence and machine learning, including Large Language Models. During the research project, the team had to work through and crystallize the dynamics and range of views covering capabilities of automation, robotics, Internet of Things (IoT), manufacturing to AI-driven technologies driving the techno-economic yielding, contrasting the impacts of ecosystems and landscapes of the human-centric approaches. Ultimately, the research created a snapshot (a momentary view) of a human-centric response to technological development which appears, at times, to be beyond current regulation or control. This presentation summarizes the lessons learned from the research, including the need to address the ethical and social implications of AI and other currently developing technologies.
KEYWORDS: Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0, Digital industrial transformation, Sustainable technology governance, Ecosystems, Circular economy, Society 5.0, artificial intelligence, GPT.
We are happy to present the Call and Agenda of our 3nd Symposium! This year, the modality is a open discussion about the topic. We will be connecting from Kaunas, KTU, Lithuania, on the 9th and 10th October 2023!
The call is open to all! You are welcome to join and contribute to the discussion process.
Contact us to receive the access link for the discussion
The theme of the 2023 Symposium Discussions – The impacts of Digital industrial transformations
This year we have a particular approach and task. We have many members involved with the development of a book, which is part of the EU horizon funding. So it seemed logical to invite authors along to discuss their chapters, including concurrent areas of interest, such as the collaboration process and the like.
The Book Proposal Summary:
The digital industrial transformation was successful in delivering technical product delivery-based objectives. Industry 5.0 was intended to address the socio-environmental imbalances, but has not been able to stem the increasingly rapid pace of technological advancement. In the current state, Industry 5.0 policy is not providing the necessary guidance, leaving an unintended misalignment between technology and society. This book foreshadows the needed changes in order to fulfill Industry 5.0 promises. This book is the outcome of four years of exploratory research by an EU Horizon 2020 funded team, and other industry experts, on the impact of digitalization on management and economics. It provides a systemic perspective of Industry 5.0, giving insights into the anticipated changes in industrial dynamics and relevant policies.
Symposium Agenda (EEST Time)
October 9th
10.00 Coffee&Chat moment in presence and online (catch up moment)
10.30 Welcome and Introduction
10.45 Theme kick off discussion
Lead speakers:
Rohan Fernando (Australia online)
Manuel Morales (local)
Morteza Ghobakhloo (local)
13.30 Lunch break
15.00 afternoon theme discussion
Lead speakers:
Jim Spohrer (US online)
Thomas Marlowe (NY online)
Gary Metcalf (US online)
18.00 End discussion session
19.00 Dinner
October 10th
11.00 Extension Discussion Time
Summary and closing comments for CSRP Institute Symposium
The Special Issue announced in the past years is published and public! The project was carried out by our CSRP Editorial Team: Marie Davidová, Susu Nousala and Thomas J. Marlowe. The contributing Authors are David Ing, Yannis Zavoleas, Xiao (Bella) Hu, Magda Sibley and Ana Zimbarg. The process was warmly supported by Dr Nagib Callaos and Jelena Sucic.
Follows the abstract of the editorial introduction and the full document with the links to the papers.
Abstract: Sustainability as related to the environment is now just over 50 years old. In that time, especially in regard to human artifacts such as architecture, it has largely focused on human priorities, and how they need to be modified to address or rectify environmental and ecological challenges. A new, post-anthropocene view suggests that it is also important to consider the environment as more than a backdrop whose state and appearance must be maintained, but rather as an actor in its own right, with its own interests, including the interests of the living non-human actors in the local ecology. This special issue seeks to explore this wider notion, and the editors view our introduction as an opportunity to present the journal theme, to introduce the authors and place its papers in context, and to welcome researchers and practitioners to explore this topic further.
Due to the problem with the publisher, we are transferring the special issue from the Journal of Sustainable Smart Behaviour to the Journal of Systemics Cybernetics and Informatics.
